O le faʻaogaina o le gaʻo ma le faʻaaogaina o meaʻai mai meaʻai, e mafua mai i le sua o le pancreatic na gaosia e le pancreas e ulufale i totonu o le totonu. O le pancreatic secretion o loʻo i ai ni enzymes e taua tele i le faʻaogaina o meaʻai.
Le faiga o le gaosiga, ituaiga ma galuega tauave
O le pancreas o se totoga o le fefiloi faʻapipiʻi, aua e maua ai e le gata enzimes digestive, ae faapea foi hormones - insulin, glucagon ma lipocaine. O le insulin ma le glucagon e faʻatonutonuina le carbohydrate metabolism, ma o le hormone-pei o le lipocaine o loʻo nafa ma le gaosiga o mea i le ate. Hormones o loʻo i ai i le pancreatic juice ma lagolago le faʻamalositino masani faʻamalologa i le laʻititi laʻititi.
A ulufale le koma o meaʻai i le duodenum o le pancreas, e momoli atu se lagona i lea e tali atu i ai e ala i le aveeseina o le tele e tatau ai o le pancreatic secretion. O loʻo i ai le pancreatic enzymes i se le aoga - proenzymes.
O le vai e ala ai ona oso ai le sua o le pancreatic i totonu o le duodenum 12 e taʻua o le Virsungieva duct ma e tu i le umi atoa o le ta. E faʻaiʻu i le pito i tua o le paʻu ma le sphincter o Oddi. I le tele o tagata, o le Virsungiev duct e fesoʻotaʻi ma le soʻotaga empine ite, ma faʻateleina i le duodenum.
O le kulimi pili e tali atu i meaai fafagaina e ala i le tatalaina o le talo, lea e fefiloi i le masani aʻa ma le pancreatic sua. Ina ua maeʻa, e amata loa le faʻagaioiga o enzymes mo le gaosia o gaʻo, porotini ma meaʻai maua. I lalo o le aʻafiaga o le enzymatic mea, carbohydrates lavelavea malepe i le kulukose, porotini i amino amino, gaʻo i gaʻo gaʻo ma glycerol.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi.jpg)
Pancreatic enzymes faia le sili atu le tele o galuega i luga o le faʻapalapalaina o meaai. Meaʻai e gaosia e enzymes e ulufale atu i le laʻititi laʻititi, lea e faʻaopoopoina ai mea taumafa i totonu o puipui o totonu o le toto, e momoli atu i totoga ma aano o le tino.
Talu ai o le enzymes e gaosia e le pancreas e galue i le mea e sili ona malosi ai le faʻaogaina o meaʻai, soʻo se faʻalavelave i le okeni e aʻafia ai le manuia o le tagata. O loʻo i ai faʻafitauli e faʻafitauli mai le iʻuga (vaivai le paʻu), o loʻo i ai ni faʻaaliga papalagi - o le faʻamamaʻi, e oso i luga ma se tasi. Ona o le le lava o le pancreatic enzymes, o le tele o oloa e le o faʻatagaina, ma o le pancreatitis e tupu.
Faʻataʻoto
E iai 3 ituaiga autu o enzymes - amylase, lipase ma protease. Amylases talepeina vaega ma karbohidrat, o le galuega o le lipase o le hydrolysis o gaʻo, ma protease e nafa ma le vaevaeina o porotini.
Ole vaega ole protease e aofia ai exopeptidases, lea e talepeina fafo peptide fusi i porotini ma peptides, ma endopeptidases, e nafa ma le hydrolysis o totonu i totonu protein-peptide fusi. Exopeptidases e aofia ai carboxypeptidase A ma B, proteolytic enzymes e motusia peptide fusi ma o se vaega o le pancreatic secretion.
Endopeptidases o pepsin, gastricin ma chymosin, e faʻailoaina e le gastric mukosa, ma pancreatic proenzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin ma elastase. Gastric enzymes malosi vaevaeina porotini mole, faʻateʻa faʻamalosi o le hydrochloric maualuga i le 95%.
Le isi, enzymes pancreatic ua aofia i totonu o le galuega, faʻaopopo ai foi le talepeina porotini i totonu o le tino. Muamua, o le trypsin, chymotrypsin ma le elastase latou te talepeina vaega tele o polotini i ni mea laiti - peptides. Ma, i lalo o le gaioiga o le carboxypeptidase, peptides ua faʻamalosia i le amino acids e faʻaaogaina e le vaega o totonu o le tino.
O le sua o le pankreas e aofia ai 6 ituaiga o proteases, e eseʻese i le fausaga o le nofoaga tutotonu:
- satini;
- threonine;
- cysteine;
- aspartyl;
- metalloprotease;
- glutamine.
E tatau ona maitauina o proteases o se vaega o le tele o vailaʻau ma enzymes faʻaaogaina e toe faʻaleleia ai le pancreatic galuega ma faʻaitiitia faʻailoga le lelei.
Amylase
Amylolytic pancreatic enzymes vaevaeina mea taumafa i totonu o suka faigofie e taʻua o oligosaccharides. O le faʻafetai i le amylase o se faʻamanuiaga matagofie suamalie o loʻo aliali pe a uma ona 'ai meaai taumafa - mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, araisa poʻo pateta. O lenei enzyme o loʻo i ai foi i totonu o taʻimua, i lalo o le faʻafitauli lea e amata ai le faʻasologa o meaʻai.
I le faʻaoga gutu, malepelepe ua malepe i lalo dextrin, ma dextrin ma maltose ua faia o se faʻaiuga o le faʻatautaia o polysaccharides e sua o le sua. Ole laasaga mulimuli ole vaevaega lea ole carbohydrates i le duodenum 12 i kulukose ma fructose i lalo o le gaioiga o le Y-amylase.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-2.jpg)
Amylolytic enzymes aofia lactase, o loʻo taʻapeina le lactose (susu suka) o loʻo i totonu o oloa susu.
Enzyme le lava o amylase mafai ona faʻailoa mai ai le atinaʻeina o ni faʻamaʻi: pancreatitis, mumps (mumps), diabetes mellitus ma pankre pate.
Lipase
Lipolytic enzymes galue o se mea taua mo lipid hydrolysis ma talepe i lalo gaʻo maua i le tino. Ua faʻagaioia le Lipase i totonu o le totini ma vaevae meaʻai gaʻo i le glycerin ma maualuga gaʻo gaʻo. O lenei enzyme e vaevaeina i vaega o le hydrophilic ma hydrophobic e galue faʻapitoa lava ile vai-gaʻo luga. O le mea lea, o se mea e manaʻomia mo le faʻaogaina o gaʻo o lo latou vaevaeina i ni tamaʻi vaega o le 'aila - o lea, o le a fesoʻotaʻi ai le lipase o le lipase.
O loʻo matauina le siʻitia o le maualuga o le lipase i le suʻega o le toto mo faʻamaʻi eseese o le gastrointestinal tract ma fatugaʻo, maʻi metabolic (maʻi suka, gout, oona lapoʻa), peritonitis, ma mumps. I nisi o tulaga, o le lipase index e faʻateleina o se faʻaiuga o le umi o togafitiga i barbiturates, narcotic analgesics, Heparin ma Indomethacin.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-3.jpg)
Afai e le lava le lipase i le tino, ona mafua ai le mafuaʻaga o le faʻaititia o le pancreatic function, cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis), o le atinaʻeina o neoplasms leaga i soʻo se okeni e ese mai i le pancreas. O nisi taimi o le maualalo ole lipase mafua mai ona o se taumafa le paleni ma le sili ai o meaai gaʻoa.
Auga ma auga o le faaitiitia exocrine galuega
Ina ia mafai ona faʻamaonia poʻo le a le enzymes e le gaosia e le pancreas i tapena lelei aofaʻi, faia suʻesuʻega fale. E tusa ai ma iʻuga o suʻega toto, mimita ma nifo, suesuega meafaigaluega, ma le amanaia foi i auga o loʻo i ai nei, tapenaga enzyme mafai ona faatonuina.
O tulaga mo le anotusi o le enzymes e pei ona taua i lalo:
- toto: amylase - 29-99, lipase - 22-66, trypsin - 19.7 - 30.3 mg / l;
- toto toto: elastase - 01 - 4 ng / ml;
- mimiti: amylase (diastase) - Max 100 iunite / l;
- coprogram: elastase - mai le 200 mcg / g.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-4.jpg)
O loʻo gaosia le pankreas enzymes i sela o sela o le pancreas, ona faʻasolosolo atu lea i totonu ole tubules sili ona laʻititi e gaosia ai le lapopoʻa - Virsungov
O le faʻaletonu o le pankreas enzymes e oʻo ai i soliga ogaoga o le faʻaogaina o meaʻai ma le tino atoa. I le tulaga o le faʻateleina o le gaosiga o enzymes, o se matuitui fulafula o le pancreas ua faʻailoaina - pancreatitis. Faaitiitia le tuufaatasia o enzymes o lona uiga le fesuiaiga o le faamai i totonu o se taimi masani.
O mafuaʻaga nei e mafai ona oʻo atu ai i suiga taua ma le faʻalavelave i le pancreas ma le suia o le glandular tissue i le fibrous tissue:
- ova le soʻona faʻaaogaina ma le faʻaaogaina o gaʻo meaʻai, ava malosi;
- o le iai o neoplasms - cysts, tumors (uma e le malu ma malignant), fibrosis;
- faʻataʻitaʻiga o le duodenum ma tili laina;
- taotoga o le pancreatic.
Ma le enzyme le atoatoa, se numera o faʻailoga faʻailoga e aliaʻe:
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-5.jpg)
- polyfecal (tele aʻi o le tinose);
- bubi-pei, paʻu laʻau o se lanu enaena ma se pupula, suauu luga ma se manogi le lelei;
- le i ai o meaʻai e leʻi paluina i totonu o feseseai;
- o se lagona o le atoatoaga o le manava ma le fia faʻafuaseʻi, lototiga;
- manogi leaga i le gutu;
- faaitiitia le fiaai;
- atulaitu, faʻamaʻi i totonu o le manava;
- mamafa leiloa, anemia, vaivai, moe ma le ulu;
- tiga lona manava ina ua uma ona 'ai;
- faapalepale i gaʻo ma mea suamalie.
Talu ai o le lipase synthesis e faʻaititia, o paʻu faʻafitauli o se tasi o le muamua - e avea viscous pe semi-suavai. E taua le matauina o faʻailoga e toetoe lava tutusa tutusa ma le tele o enzymes, ma se vaivaiga. Peitai, i le tulaga o le soona gaosia enzymes, vevela o le tino ono faʻateleina, ma le tiga tiga faʻatopetope, avea ma vave, faaleoina.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-6.jpg)
Faʻasao le exocrine galuega o le pancreas e manaʻomia togafitiga tatau, ona e mafai ona mafua ai le atinaʻeina o faʻamaʻi faigata e pei o le pancreatic necrosis, papala gastrik, hepatitis ma cirrhosis
Enzyme-aofia ai fualaau
Enzymes mo le pancreas ua faatonuina e tusa ma faʻaiuga o le suʻega ma faʻavae i luga o auga o loʻo i ai. O le fua ma le mea e faʻatino ai mea e faʻalagolago i le matua ma le mamafa o le gasegase, faʻapea foʻi ma le ituaiga o lea maʻi. I le enzyme suia togafitiga, o vailaʻau faʻaaogaina e aofia ai lipase, amylase ma trypsin. O lenei mea, muamua lava, Pancreatin ma ona faʻatonuga - Creon, Mezim Forte, Pangrol, Panzitrat, etc.
Ole tele o taimi, ua fautuaina e fomaʻi le aveina ole Creon, aua e sili ona faʻaaogaina ma e tele foʻi lona aoga. E le avanoa Creon i papamaa, ae i pusaʻo e lua le puipuiga. Taʻitasi laupepa o loʻo i ai le tele o laʻititi-microspheres, e le paʻu i lalo o le malosi faʻatosinaga o le hydrochloric acid o le manava ma taunuʻu i la latou nofoaga - i totonu o le tino. I se faʻaopopoga, o le tuʻufaʻatasiga o le Creon e aofia ai le dimethicone, e faʻaititia ai kasa.
Ole tele o fualaau faasaina ai se tuufaatasiga tuufaatasiga, faaopoopo atu i kulupu vaega. Ua faia mo le faʻapopoleina o faʻafitauli o le ate ma le koleni. Ole vailaʻau fofoa e aofia ai Festal, Digestal, Kotazim Forte, Enzistal.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/diab-2020/8401/fermenti-podzheludochnoj-zhelezi-7.jpg)
O le unienzyme e faʻavae i luga o le fualaʻau enzyme papain e faʻamalosia le faʻaogaina atoa o porotini, gaʻo ma karbohidrat, ei ai se faʻaaogaina, laxative ma faʻamalosia gasuʻaga aʻafiaga
I maʻi pankreatitis, enzyme inhibitors lea e taofia ai le gaioiga a le pancreas - Somatostatin, Contrical, Ingitrile, Glucagon, Gordox, ma isi muamua na faʻaaogaina.
I le tulaga o mea sese i taumafa pe i auga mama o le pancreatitis, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina le enzymes laʻau - mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Oraza, Pepfiz, Unienzyme, Wobenzym, Solizim, Abomin.
Meaʻai aoga
Mo le mauaina o le maualuga aʻafiaga mai togafitiga i le enzyme sui, oe manaʻomia le saʻo meaai. E faʻavae i luga o faʻavae o meaʻai Nu.5, matua faʻatelegaina faʻafouina:
- fractionality - o le numera o taumafataga i le aso e le i lalo ifo o le 5;
- le mamafa o le tasi tautua e le tatau ona sili atu i le 200 g .;
- e palu uma ipu, i le umu pe faʻafefeteina;
- vevela taumafa - tusa ma le 35-40 °;
- gaʻo, falai, 'ava malosi e faʻasaina.
O aano o manu ma iʻa o ituaiga gaʻoa maualalo, fuamoa fuamoa, suauʻu, oatmeal, apu, faʻi ma le sisi sisi ua fautuaina mo le faʻaaogaina.
Mo le toe faʻaleleia o le pancreatic function e ala i le enzyme sauniuniga, e manaʻomia se suʻega. Faʻavae i faʻaiuga mo tagata gasegase taʻitoʻatasi, ua filifilia se tagata taʻitoʻatasi togafitiga ma le fua o vailaʻau.